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Concurso: UFAC

Concurso: UFAC
Cargo: Vestibular (Nível Médio)
Ano: 2026

Ano:

2026

Banca:

Cebraspe (cespe)

Cargo:

Vestibular (Nível Médio)

Disciplina: Inglês

FC576643

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Text for question.

The elevation of scientific discourse to a major component in the project of modernity and the Eurocentrism inherent in the Western scientific enterprise have aided both the development of racial hierarchies and the creation of the long-enduring myth of science as an impartial, pure and value-free endeavour, superior to other peoples’ modes of thinking. It is also to be argued that it is one thing to ‘discover’, identify, categorise and classify plants, beetles as well as peoples, but quite another to transform such categories and classifications into hierarchies that suggest stratification in terms of social and moral inferiority. The process of categorisation would then not in itself be normative, but rather evaluative attributions would be based upon moral and social preferences, subjective value judgements and the striving for political power.

The conundrum of the conceptual status and the socio-political consequences of the Enlightenment has not been resolved satisfactorily. Yet there now exists agreement on some parameters. The consensus is that scientific racism, racial medicine and colonial rule were for a time closely linked, variously reinforced and justified each other. Claims to racial superiority and Western scientific and medical hegemony are seen to have emerged alongside each other in the wake of the Enlightenment, culminating eventually not only in scientifically based racism in the nineteenth century and racial medicine in the twentieth century, but also in the perceived enhancement and legitimisation of colonial expansion by reference to medical and scientific progress. The interrelatedness of race, science and medicine, and its extension to the colonial realm during the nineteenth century, in particular, therefore constitutes one major focus for work and research.

Waltraud Ernst. Historical and contemporary perspectives on race, science and medicine.

In: Waltraud Ernst and Bernard Harris (eds.) Race, Science and Medicine,1700–1960.

London: Routledge,1999.

In Waltraud Ernst’s text, the word “conundrum”, used in the beginning of the second paragraph, could be correctly replaced, without changing the overall meaning of the sentence, with

(a)

answer.

(b)

solution.

(c)

certainty.

(d)

problem.

(e)

doubt.

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Concurso: SEMA-AM - Secretaria de Estado de Meio Ambiente do Amazonas

Concurso: SEMA-AM - Secretaria de Estado de Meio Ambiente do Amazonas
Cargo: Analista Ambiental - Administrativo (Nível Superior)
Ano: 2026

Ano:

2026

Banca:

Cebraspe (cespe)

Cargo:

Analista Ambiental - Administrativo (Nível Superior)

Disciplina: Inglês

FC576301

Dificuldade em análise

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Text CB1A6

First established in 2002 by the Brazilian government, and later expanded with the support of WWF and private donors, the conservation program known as ARPA helps protect 120 conservation areas spanning more than 60 million hectares — about the size of Ukraine — of the Brazilian Amazon. The program initially worked on creating new protected areas and then on designing a durable financial mechanism to support their protection.

A new phase, called ARPA Comunidades (Communities), is now shifting the focus to the traditional communities who live within the forest and help protect it. Half of the conservation areas covered by ARPA are sustainable-use conservation units like the Chico Mendes Extractive Reserve, inhabited by local communities who live sustainably off the forest‘s resources.

Announced during the COP30 climate summit in the Amazonian city of Belém, ARPA Comunidades will focus on these 60 sustainable-use reserves, which together cover an area of 23.7 million hectares, nearly the size of the U.K. The aim is to help reduce deforestation and improve the well-being of the local populations by supporting the development of local bioeconomies. Over 15 years, the program hopes to directly impact 130,000 people. It will also seek to add a further 3 million hectares of protected areas.

A 2023 paper by the Escolhas Institute, a Brazilian research organization, found that a 1% reduction in extreme poverty in the Brazilian Amazon has the potential to reduce deforestation by 27,000 hectares in the region.

Greater recognition of local communities‘ needs and role in protecting the forest is not a new demand, said Carlos Durigan, a researcher at the Amazon Environmental Research Institute (IPAM).

Internet: <https://news.mongabay.com> (adapted).

Considering text CB1A6, choose the option that presents the word closest in meaning to "nearly" in the phrase "nearly the size of the U.K." (first sentence of the third paragraph).

(a)

hardly

(b)

almost

(c)

twice

(d)

possibly

(e)

exactly

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Concurso: SEMA-AM - Secretaria de Estado de Meio Ambiente do Amazonas

Concurso: SEMA-AM - Secretaria de Estado de Meio Ambiente do Amazonas
Cargo: Analista Ambiental - Administrativo (Nível Superior)
Ano: 2026

Ano:

2026

Banca:

Cebraspe (cespe)

Cargo:

Analista Ambiental - Administrativo (Nível Superior)

Disciplina: Inglês

FC576300

Dificuldade em análise

notificar erro

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Motivo:

Há um erro no enunciado e/ou alternativas

A resposta no gabarito oficial é outra

A disciplina ou assunto estão incorretos

A questão foi anulada

A questão está desatualizada

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Erro de digitação ou português

As alternativas não aparecem

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Alternativa A

Alternativa B

Alternativa C

Alternativa D

Alternativa E

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Text CB1A6

First established in 2002 by the Brazilian government, and later expanded with the support of WWF and private donors, the conservation program known as ARPA helps protect 120 conservation areas spanning more than 60 million hectares — about the size of Ukraine — of the Brazilian Amazon. The program initially worked on creating new protected areas and then on designing a durable financial mechanism to support their protection.

A new phase, called ARPA Comunidades (Communities), is now shifting the focus to the traditional communities who live within the forest and help protect it. Half of the conservation areas covered by ARPA are sustainable-use conservation units like the Chico Mendes Extractive Reserve, inhabited by local communities who live sustainably off the forest‘s resources.

Announced during the COP30 climate summit in the Amazonian city of Belém, ARPA Comunidades will focus on these 60 sustainable-use reserves, which together cover an area of 23.7 million hectares, nearly the size of the U.K. The aim is to help reduce deforestation and improve the well-being of the local populations by supporting the development of local bioeconomies. Over 15 years, the program hopes to directly impact 130,000 people. It will also seek to add a further 3 million hectares of protected areas.

A 2023 paper by the Escolhas Institute, a Brazilian research organization, found that a 1% reduction in extreme poverty in the Brazilian Amazon has the potential to reduce deforestation by 27,000 hectares in the region.

Greater recognition of local communities‘ needs and role in protecting the forest is not a new demand, said Carlos Durigan, a researcher at the Amazon Environmental Research Institute (IPAM).

Internet: <https://news.mongabay.com> (adapted).

In the first sentence of text CB1A6, the word "spanning" can be correctly replaced, without altering the meanings of the text, with

(a)

maintaining.

(b)

preserving.

(c)

looking after.

(d)

monitoring.

(e)

stretching over.

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Concurso: PM-AL

Concurso: PM-AL
Cargo: Aspirante da Polícia Militar
Ano: 2012

Ano:

2012

Banca:

Cebraspe (cespe)

Cargo:

Aspirante da Polícia Militar

Disciplina: Inglês

FC574375

Dificuldade em análise

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As alternativas não aparecem

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Alternativa A

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Alternativa C

Alternativa D

Alternativa E

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Text for questions from 8 through 10.

In the text, “to deaden” (L.4) means

(a)

to stop living.

(b)

to die suddenly.

(c)

to make less intense.

(d)

to be dead.

(e)

to make a sound less loud.

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Concurso: Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP

Concurso: Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP
Cargo: Professor - Inglês
Ano: 2026

Ano:

2026

Banca:

FGV

Cargo:

Professor - Inglês

Disciplina: Inglês

FC571590

Dificuldade em análise

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Read Text V and answer the question that follows.

Text V

Structural and pedagogical problems hinder the use of technology

Three out of four teachers in Brazil show support for the use of artificial intelligence (AI) as a teaching tool. They also say that the technology has impacted education both positively, with faster access to information, and negatively, as students lose their focus.

The data can be found in an unprecedented survey by Semesp Institute, an organization that represents higher education providers. The study was carried out between March 18 and 31 with 444 public and private school teachers from kindergarten to high school located in all regions of Brazil.

In the study,74.8 percent of respondents partially or totally agree with the use of artificial intelligence in teaching. Despite this, just over a third (39.2%) of them said they always use it as a teaching tool.

Even though educators believe it is important to use AI, they also report structural and pedagogical problems that prevent or hinder its employment. Further issues were reported in connection with its excessive use, especially by pupils. Among these problems are the lack of internet at school, the lack of training for teachers and also greater difficulty in holding students’ attention.

“I sense students have become more dependent on research tools and immediate answers and have a hard time having resilience and patience and acting as problem solvers, ” an anonymous teacher who took part in the survey said.

Another one said: “Technology has advanced, but sometimes access to it at school is not satisfactory. Poor internet connection. The computer lab is a restricted space. No Microsoft Office in the mobile lab. The use of cell phones is impractical as students have no internet. Now, even the internet is restricted to teachers.”

Just under half of the teachers (45.7%) declared that both teachers and students have access to computers and the internet where they teach. Another seven percent answered there is still no access to technology in their schools.

Teachers also report that technology has made students lose their focus. “The school can’t keep up with the use of new technologies at the speed that the students can, which leads to a mismatch between the lesson taught and the lesson that the students want. The unbridled use of social media and the high level of exposure of young people to these networks have undermined teachers’ contact with students, ” one of the teachers stated.

From: https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/en/educacao/noticia/2024-05/three-outfour-teachers-brazil-advocate-ai-teaching-tool

The opposite of “faster access” (1^st paragraph) is:

(a)

quicker.

(b)

slower.

(c)

swifter.

(d)

easier.

(e)

safer.

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