The Java Persistence API draws on ideas from leading persistence frameworks and APIs such as Hibernate, Oracle TopLink, and Java Data Objects (JDO), as well as on the earlier EJB container-managed persistence. The Expert Group for the Enterprise JavaBeans 3.0 Specification (JSR 220) has representation from experts in all of these areas as well as from other individuals in the persistence community. The Java Persistence API simplifies the programming model for entity persistence and adds capabilities that were not in EJB 2.1. Here's a quick list of its simplifications and additions:

• requires fewer classes and interfaces;
• virtually eliminates lengthy deployment descriptors through annotations;
• addresses most typical specifications through annotation defaults;
• provides cleaner, easier, standardized object-relational mapping;
• eliminates the need for lookup code;
• adds support for inheritance, polymorphism, and polymorphic queries;
• adds support for named (static) and dynamic queries;
• provides a Java Persistence query language — an enhanced EJB QL;
• makes it easier to test entities outside of the EJB container;
• can be used outside of the container;
• can be used with pluggable, third-party persistence providers.

Internet: java.sun.com  23/7/2010 (adapted)

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